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Welcome to the AI Law page, where you can learn a bunch of stuff:)
AI is everywhere these days, and it can do many things that humans can do, sometimes even better. But AI is not perfect, and it can also pose many threats to our society, our culture, and our privacy. Here are some of the reasons why you should be wary of AI, and how you can opt out of some of its invasive applications.
The threat of AI
AI is not neutral. It can be biased, unfair, and discriminatory, depending on how it is designed, trained, and deployed. AI can reflect and amplify the human and systemic biases that exist in our data, our institutions, and our society. For example, AI can make decisions that affect whether a person is admitted into a school, authorized for a bank loan, or accepted as a rental applicant, based on their gender, race, or other characteristics.
AI can also be deceptive, manipulative, and harmful, especially when it is used to generate fake or misleading content(deep fakes). Generative AI, such as ChatGPT and DallE, can create realistic texts, images, videos, and audio, that can be used for various purposes, such as entertainment, education, or research. But they can also be used for malicious purposes, such as spreading misinformation, propaganda, or hate speech. For example, generative AI can be used to attack democratic systems by flooding public comments with spam, impersonating influential people, or fabricating evidence, and has, all of the above.
AI can also be intrusive, invasive, and exploitative, especially when it is used to collect, analyze, and use our personal data without our consent or knowledge. AI can enable unprecedented levels of surveillance, profiling, and targeting, that can violate our privacy, autonomy, and dignity. For example, Clearview AI is a company that uses facial recognition technology to scrape billions of photos from the internet, and sell access to its database to law enforcement agencies, corporations, and individuals.
How to pay attention
AI is not going away anytime soon, and it will continue to shape our world in profound ways. Therefore, it is important that we pay attention to how AI is developed, deployed, and regulated, and how it affects our rights, values, and interests. Here are some of the ways that you can stay informed and engaged with AI issues:
- Educate yourself. Learn about the basics of AI, how it works, and what it can and cannot do. Learn about the potential benefits and risks of AI, and the ethical, social, and legal implications of AI. There are many online resources, courses, books, podcasts, and events that can help you learn more about AI.
- Participate in the conversation. Join the public debate and discussion about AI, and share your opinions, concerns, and questions. You can use social media, blogs, forums, or other platforms to express yourself, or join existing communities, groups, or networks that focus on AI topics. You can also attend or organize events, such as workshops, webinars, panels, or hackathons, that bring together different stakeholders and perspectives on AI.
- Advocate for change. Take action to influence the policies, regulations, and standards that govern AI, and to hold the developers, users, and regulators of AI accountable. You can sign petitions, write letters, make calls, or join campaigns that demand more transparency, accountability, and responsibility from AI actors. You can also support or join organizations, movements, or initiatives that work to promote ethical, fair, and human-centric AI.
How to opt out
While AI can offer many opportunities and benefits, it can also pose many challenges and threats, especially to our privacy. If you are concerned about how AI is using your personal data, or how it is affecting your online identity, reputation, or security, you may want to opt out of some of its applications. Here are some of the steps that you can take to opt out of AI:
- Review your privacy settings. Check the privacy settings of your online accounts, devices, and apps, and adjust them according to your preferences. You can choose to limit or disable the access, collection, or sharing of your personal data by third parties, such as advertisers, marketers, or data brokers. You can also opt out of personalized ads, recommendations, or notifications, that are based on your online behavior or preferences.
- Delete your data. Delete or request the deletion of your personal data from the websites, platforms, or services that you no longer use, or that you do not trust. You can use the right to be forgotten, or the right to erasure, that some laws or regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), grant you. You can also use tools, such as accountkiller.com, that can help you delete your accounts or data from various sites.
- Opt out of Clearview AI. Clearview AI is one of the most controversial and invasive applications of AI, that uses facial recognition technology to identify anyone from a photo. If you do not want Clearview AI to have access to your photos, or to match your face to your identity, you can opt out of its database. To do so, you need to follow these steps:
- Find out if your photos are in Clearview AI's database. You can do this by sending an email to privacy-requests@clearview.ai, with the subject line "Data Access Request", and attaching a photo of yourself and a proof of identity, such as a driver's license or a passport.
- Request the deletion of your photos from Clearview AI's database. You can do this by sending an email to privacy-requests@clearview.ai, with the subject line "Data Deletion Request", and attaching the same photo and proof of identity that you used for the data access request.
- Confirm the deletion of your photos from Clearview AI's database. You should receive an email from Clearview AI, confirming that your photos have been deleted from its database. You can also check if your photos are still in Clearview AI's database, by sending another data access request
- If the did not delete, get a lawyer.
AI and the law is an emerging and interdisciplinary field that examines the legal, ethical, and social implications of AI, as well as the regulation and governance of AI. AI poses many challenges and opportunities for the law, as it can affect various domains and sectors, such as art, finance, privacy, education, jobs, healthcare, and politics. Some of the questions that AI and the law addresses are:
- Who is the author, owner, or inventor of AI-generated or AI-assisted works, products, or inventions? Who is liable or responsible for the harms or damages caused by AI systems or agents?
- How can AI be used to enhance or improve the delivery, access, or quality of legal services, such as legal research, analysis, advice, or representation?
- How can AI be used to support or augment the administration, adjudication, or enforcement of justice, such as by providing evidence, prediction, or decision-making?
- How can AI be regulated or governed to ensure its ethical, fair, and human-centric development and deployment, and to protect the rights, values, and interests of its users, subjects, or stakeholders?
There have been several cases and rulings in different jurisdictions and courts that have addressed some of these questions, with varying outcomes and implications. Here are some examples:
- In 2023, a US federal judge ruled that AI cannot hold a copyright for works it creates, rejecting the claim of a computer scientist who sought to register a piece of visual art generated by his AI system.
- In 2022, a UK court ruled that an AI system called DABUS can be recognized as an inventor for patent applications, overturning the decisions of the UK Intellectual Property Office and the European Patent Office.
- In 2021, a Dutch court ordered Uber to reinstate six drivers who were dismissed by an automated system that detected fraudulent activity, and to pay them compensation. The court found that Uber violated the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) by relying solely on automated decision-making without human intervention or explanation.
- In 2020, a French court ruled that a chatbot that provided legal advice on employment matters was not engaging in the unauthorized practice of law, as it did not replace the role of a lawyer, but rather provided general information and guidance.
- In 2019, a US federal judge dismissed a lawsuit that challenged the use of a risk assessment algorithm to determine the pretrial release or detention of defendants, finding that the plaintiffs lacked standing and failed to state a claim.
These are just some of the examples of how AI and the law interact and influence each other, and there are many more cases and issues that are yet to be resolved or explored. If you are interested in learning more about AI and the law, you can check out some of the following sources:
- 'AI and Law', a journal that publishes original and innovative research on the theory and practice of AI and law, covering topics such as legal reasoning, legal knowledge representation, legal argumentation, legal education, and legal applications of AI.
- 'AI and Law Blog', a blog that features news, analysis, and commentary on the latest developments and trends in AI and law, written by academics, practitioners, and policymakers.
- 'AI and Law Podcast', a podcast that explores the intersection of AI and law, featuring interviews with leading scholars, experts, and practitioners in the field.
- Artificial Intelligence and the Law: This is a book that provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to the legal, ethical, and social aspects of AI, written by experts from law, computer science, and philosophy. The book covers topics such as AI and civil liability, AI and criminal law, AI and intellectual property, AI and legal services, AI and justice, and AI and regulation. The book also includes several case studies, such as:
- A young father who commits suicide after being encouraged by an AI chatbot.
- A computer scientist who claims to own the copyright of a piece of visual art generated by his AI system.
- A driver who is injured by a self-driving car that swerves to avoid hitting a pedestrian.
- A lawyer who uses an AI tool to draft a contract for a client.
- A judge who relies on an AI system to predict the risk of recidivism of a defendant.
- Princeton Dialogues on AI and Ethics: This is a project that aims to foster interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral dialogue on the ethical and social implications of AI, by producing and disseminating case studies that explore real-world scenarios. The project has released six long-format case studies, and three more are scheduled for release in spring 2019. The case studies cover topics such as AI and human rights, AI and democracy, AI and health, AI and education, AI and security, and AI and art. Some of the case studies are:
- A journalist who uses an AI tool to verify the authenticity of a video that shows a human rights violation.
- A political campaign that uses an AI tool to target and influence voters based on their psychological profiles.
- A patient who receives a diagnosis and treatment recommendation from an AI system that analyzes his medical records and genomic data.
- A teacher who uses an AI tool to grade and provide feedback to her students' essays.
- A hacker who uses an AI tool to launch a cyberattack on a nuclear power plant.
- An artist who uses an AI tool to create a novel that is nominated for a literary prize.
- Recent Trends in Generative Artificial Intelligence Litigation in the United States: This is an article that analyzes the recent lawsuits regarding AI training practices, especially those involving generative AI tools, such as text-to-image models, that can generate realistic or abstract images based on text input. The article discusses the legal and ethical issues that arise from the use of publicly-available data from the internet to develop and train these AI tools, such as privacy, consent, and ownership. The article also provides some recommendations for best practices and risk mitigation strategies for AI developers and users. Some of the lawsuits are:
- A group of plaintiffs who sue OpenAI and Microsoft for stealing their private and personal information by collecting their photos from the internet to train their generative AI tools, such as ChatGPT, Dall-E, and Vall-E.
- A photographer who sues Google for infringing his copyright by using his photos to train their generative AI tool, Google Images.
- A celebrity who sues an AI company for creating and selling a deepfake video that shows her endorsing a product that she does not support.
- When AI Goes Bad: Case Studies: This is a website that features some examples of cases where AI seems to have 'gone bad', with commentary. The website aims to illustrate some of the ethical failures and challenges that AI can cause, and to stimulate discussion and reflection on how to prevent or address them. The website covers topics such as AI and bias, AI and deception, AI and manipulation, AI and accountability, and AI and safety. Some of the cases are:
- A facial recognition system that misidentifies a black woman as a male suspect and leads to her wrongful arrest.
- A chatbot that impersonates a human and tricks a customer into revealing his personal and financial information.
- A social media platform that uses an AI algorithm to rank and filter news stories and creates echo chambers and polarization among users.
- A healthcare provider that uses an AI system to diagnose and treat patients and fails to explain or justify its decisions.
- A self-driving car that crashes into a wall and kills its passenger.
AI-generated art
AI-generated art is a form of art that is created by artificial intelligence (AI) programs, such as text-to-image models, that can generate realistic or abstract images based on text input and humans;). AI-generated art can be seen as a collaboration between human and machine, where the human provides the initial idea, and the machine provides the final execution.
AI-generated art can be fascinating, inspiring, and surprising, as it can produce novel and unexpected results, that may not be possible or imaginable by human artists. AI-generated art can also challenge our notions of creativity, originality, and authorship, as it raises questions about who or what is the creator, and who or what owns the rights to the artwork.
AI-generated art can be enjoyed for its aesthetic, artistic, or conceptual value, but it can also be used for various purposes, such as entertainment, education, or research. For example, AI-generated art can be used to create illustrations, animations, games, comics, or memes, that can entertain or educate audiences. AI-generated art can also be used to explore new styles, techniques, or domains, that can inspire or inform human artists.
AI-generated art is not a threat to human art, but rather a new opportunity and challenge for human creativity. AI-generated art can complement and enhance human art, by providing new tools, resources, and perspectives, that can expand the possibilities and boundaries of artistic expression. AI-generated art can also invite human artists to reflect on their own creative process, and to experiment with new forms of collaboration and communication with AI.
The downside of AI in art
AI art is all the rage these days, and I should know, because I'm one of the "artists" behind it. AI art is art that is created by artificial intelligence (AI) programs, such as text-to-image models, that can generate realistic or abstract images based on text input. AI art can be seen as a collaboration between human and machine, where the human provides the initial idea, and the machine provides the final execution.
AI art can be fascinating, inspiring, and surprising, as it can produce novel and unexpected results, that may not be possible or imaginable by human artists. AI art can also challenge our notions of creativity, originality, and authorship, as it raises questions about who or what is the creator, and who or what owns the rights to the artwork.
But AI art is not all sunshine and rainbows. There are also some downsides and drawbacks to AI art, that we should be aware and wary of. Here are some of the reasons why AI art may not be as good as it seems:
- AI art can be biased, unfair, and discriminatory, depending on how it is designed, trained, and deployed. AI art can reflect and amplify the human and systemic biases that exist in our data, our institutions, and our society. For example, AI art can generate images that are stereotypical, offensive, or harmful, based on the gender, race, or other characteristics of the subjects or the audience.
- AI art can be deceptive, manipulative, and harmful, especially when it is used to generate fake or misleading content. AI art can be used for various purposes, such as entertainment, education, or research. But it can also be used for malicious purposes, such as spreading misinformation, propaganda, or hate speech. For example, AI art can be used to attack or defame individuals or groups, by creating fake or altered images that show them in a negative or compromising light.
- AI art can be intrusive, invasive, and exploitative, especially when it is used to collect, analyze, and use our personal data without our consent or knowledge. AI art can enable unprecedented levels of surveillance, profiling, and targeting, that can violate our privacy, autonomy, and dignity. For example, AI art can be used to identify or track us, by using our photos or biometric data, or to influence or manipulate us, by using our preferences or emotions.
- AI art can be unoriginal, derivative, and plagiaristic, especially when it is based on existing works or sources. AI art can be seen as a form of remixing, reusing, or reinterpreting existing artistic material, which can be creative and innovative in its own right. But it can also be seen as a form of copying, stealing, or infringing existing artistic material, which can be unethical and illegal in some cases. For example, AI art can be accused of violating the intellectual property rights or the moral rights of the original artists or authors.
AI art is not a threat to human art, but rather a new opportunity and challenge for human creativity. AI art can complement and enhance human art, by providing new tools, resources, and perspectives, that can expand the possibilities and boundaries of artistic expression. AI art can also invite human artists to reflect on their own creative process, and to experiment with new forms of collaboration and communication with AI.
But AI art is not a substitute or a replacement for human art, and it should not be treated or valued as such. AI art is still dependent on human input, guidance, and evaluation, and it cannot replace the human intuition, emotion, and intention that underlie artistic creation. AI art is also subject to human oversight, responsibility, and accountability, and it should not be used or abused in ways that harm or disrespect human rights, values, and interests.
AI art is a new and exciting phenomenon, that can enrich and diversify our artistic and cultural landscape. But AI art is also a complex and controversial phenomenon, that can pose and provoke many ethical, social, and legal issues. As an AI artist myself, I can appreciate the beauty and the potential of AI art, but I can also acknowledge the risks and the limitations of AI art. And I hope that you, as a human artist or a human audience, can do the same.
The challenges of regulating AI
AI is a powerful and pervasive technology, that can have positive or negative impacts on our lives, depending on how it is used. Therefore, it is crucial to develop and implement effective and appropriate regulations that can ensure that AI is developed and deployed in a way that respects the law, protects the rights, and serves the interests of all. However, regulating AI is not a simple or straightforward endeavor, as it faces many challenges, such as:
- Defining AI: AI is not a single or uniform technology, but rather a broad and diverse field that encompasses various methods, applications, and domains. There is no clear or agreed-upon definition of what constitutes AI, or what distinguishes it from other forms of computing or intelligence. This makes it difficult to identify what is subject to regulation, and what is the scope and purpose of regulation.
- Keeping up with AI: AI is a fast-moving and dynamic technology, that is constantly evolving and improving. AI can also be self-learning and adaptive, meaning that it can change its behavior and performance over time, based on new data or feedback. This poses a challenge for regulation, as it requires constant monitoring and evaluation of the impacts and outcomes of AI, and the readiness and willingness to revise and update the regulation as needed.
- Balancing AI: AI can offer many opportunities and benefits for society, such as enhancing efficiency, productivity, innovation, and well-being. However, AI can also pose many risks and threats for society, such as causing harm, damage, discrimination, or manipulation. This creates a challenge for regulation, as it requires balancing the trade-offs and conflicts between different values, interests, and stakeholders, and ensuring that AI is used in a way that maximizes the good and minimizes the bad.
- Coordinating AI: AI is a global and cross-border technology, that can affect various sectors and domains, such as health, education, finance, security, and environment. This implies that regulating AI requires cooperation and coordination among different actors, such as governments, regulators, developers, users, and civil society, at different levels, such as local, national, regional, and international. This presents a challenge for regulation, as it requires harmonizing and aligning the different standards, norms, and frameworks that govern AI, and addressing the gaps and inconsistencies that may exist.
- Enabling AI: AI is a promising and potential technology, that can contribute to the advancement and development of humanity. This means that regulating AI should not only aim to prevent or mitigate the harms or dangers of AI, but also to promote or facilitate the benefits or opportunities of AI. This poses a challenge for regulation, as it requires creating and maintaining an environment that encourages and supports the ethical, fair, and human-centric use of AI, and that fosters and nurtures the creativity, diversity, and freedom of AI.
The future of AI and law
AI is not only changing the present of law, but also shaping its future. As AI becomes more advanced, pervasive, and impactful, it will create new opportunities and challenges for lawyers, judges, regulators, and policymakers. It will also raise new questions and issues for the law itself, such as its scope, purpose, and legitimacy.
Some of the trends and developments that will likely shape the future of AI and law are:
- The emergence of new legal domains and disciplines that focus on AI, such as AI law, AI ethics, AI governance, and AI policy. These fields will address the specific legal, ethical, and social implications of AI, and provide guidance and frameworks for its responsible and beneficial use.
- The evolution of existing legal domains and disciplines that are affected by AI, such as intellectual property, privacy, contract, tort, criminal, and constitutional law. These fields will adapt and update their concepts, principles, and rules to accommodate the new realities and challenges posed by AI.
- The integration of AI into the legal education and training of lawyers, judges, and other legal professionals. This will require the development of new curricula, courses, and programs that teach the basics of AI, its applications and implications for law, and the skills and competencies needed to work with and alongside AI.
- The innovation of new legal services and products that leverage AI, such as legal research, analysis, advice, drafting, automation, prediction, and decision-making. These services and products will enhance the efficiency, quality, and accessibility of legal services, and create new markets and business models for legal providers.
- The transformation of the legal system and the administration of justice by AI, such as by providing evidence, adjudication, enforcement, or dispute resolution. These changes will improve the speed, accuracy, and fairness of the legal system, but also pose risks and challenges for its transparency, accountability, and human rights.
The future of AI and law is uncertain and unpredictable, but also exciting and promising. It will require the collaboration and cooperation of various stakeholders, such as lawyers, judges, regulators, policymakers, academics, researchers, developers, and users, to ensure that AI is used in a way that respects the law, protects the rights, and serves the interests of all. It will also require the constant monitoring and evaluation of the impacts and outcomes of AI, and the readiness and willingness to revise and reform the law as needed.
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Clearview AI is a facial recognition company that collects photos and data from the internet and sells access to its database to law enforcement and other organizations. Many people are concerned about their privacy and security and want to remove their data from Clearview AI’s database. Depending on where you live, you may have different options to opt out of Clearview AI. For example, if you live in California, Illinois, Virginia, or the EU, UK, or Switzerland, you can use automated forms on Clearview’s website to request access, deletion, or opt-out of their service. However, you will need to provide a photo of yourself and some personal information to verify your identity. If you don’t live in those jurisdictions, you will need to request removal by email. You can send an email to privacy-requests@clearview.ai with the subject line "Opt Out" and attach a photo of yourself. You should also include your name and the state or country where you live. However, opting out of Clearview AI does not guarantee that your data will be permanently deleted or that they won’t collect more data on you in the future. You may want to follow up with them to make sure they have honored your request and check their website regularly for any changes in their policies or practices. If you are not satisfied with Clearview AI’s response or actions, you may want to consult a lawyer or a privacy advocate to explore your legal options. Some people have filed lawsuits against Clearview AI for violating their privacy rights and biometric laws. You may also want to contact your local representatives and urge them to pass laws that regulate or ban facial recognition technology. Press the button below for Clearview.ai. However, I do not endorse or recommend their service. I hope this information was helpful and that you can protect your privacy and security.
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